Use-After-Free in PHP
This vulnerability was discovered by our security researchers before 2019.
| Advisory ID: | HTB23262 |
| Product: | PHP |
| Vendor: | PHP Group |
| Vulnerable Versions: | 5.6.9 and probably prior |
| Tested Version: | 5.6.9 |
| Advisory Publication: | May 20, 2015 [without technical details] |
| Vendor Notification: | May 20, 2015 |
| Vendor Fix: | June 2, 2015 |
| Public Disclosure: | June 10, 2015 |
| Latest Update: | June 9, 2015 |
| Vulnerability Type: | Use After Free [CWE-416] |
| CVE Reference: | CVE-2015-4116 |
| Risk Level: | Medium |
| CVSSv2 Base Score: | 4.6 (AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P) |
| Solution Status: | Fixed by Vendor |
| Discovered and Provided: | High-Tech Bridge Security Research Lab |
| Advisory Details: | |
High-Tech Bridge Security Research Lab discovered use-after-free vulnerability in a popular programming language PHP, which can be exploited to cause crash and possibly execute arbitrary code on the target system. Running the following PoC we get: gdb-peda$ r ~/Desktop/heap_uaf.php Starting program: /usr/local/bin/php ~/Desktop/heap_uaf.php PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined method SplMinHeap::notexist() in /home/test/Desktop/heap_uaf.php on line 4 Fatal error: Call to undefined method SplMinHeap::notexist() in /home/test/Desktop/heap_uaf.php on line 4 Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. [------------------------------------------------------------------- -------registers------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------] RAX: 0x5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a (ZZZZZZZZ) RBX: 0x8000000 RCX: 0xcd0458 ("/home/test/De"...) RDX: 0x16f RSI: 0xcd0458 ("/home/test/De"...) RDI: 0x5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a (ZZZZZZZZ) RBP: 0x7fffffffc570 --> 0x7fffffffc5a0 --> 0x7fffffffc5d0 --> 0x7fffffffc600 --> 0x7fffffffc630 --> 0x7fffffffc750 --> 0x7fffffffc850 --> 0x7fffffffc9b0 --> 0x7fffffffdcf0 --> 0x7fffffffde50 --> 0x0 RSP: 0x7fffffffc570 --> 0x7fffffffc5a0 --> 0x7fffffffc5d0 --> 0x7fffffffc600 --> 0x7fffffffc630 --> 0x7fffffffc750 --> 0x7fffffffc850 --> 0x7fffffffc9b0 --> 0x7fffffffdcf0 --> 0x7fffffffde50 --> 0x0 RIP: 0x82a96f (<zval_delref_p+12>: mov eax,DWORD PTR [rax+0x10]) R8 : 0x269 R9 : 0x0 R10: 0x7fffffff9b20 --> 0x0 R11: 0x7ffff71102f0 --> 0xfffda6c0fffda3ef R12: 0x4209e0 (<_start>: xor ebp,ebp) R13: 0x7fffffffdf30 --> 0x2 R14: 0x0 R15: 0x0 [---------------------------------------------------------------------- -------code----------------------------------------------------------------- ------------] 0x82a964 <zval_delref_p+1>: mov rbp,rsp 0x82a967 <zval_delref_p+4>: mov QWORD PTR [rbp-0x8],rdi 0x82a96b <zval_delref_p+8>: mov rax,QWORD PTR [rbp-0x8] => 0x82a96f <zval_delref_p+12>: mov eax,DWORD PTR [rax+0x10] 0x82a972 <zval_delref_p+15>: lea edx,[rax-0x1] 0x82a975 <zval_delref_p+18>: mov rax,QWORD PTR [rbp-0x8] 0x82a979 <zval_delref_p+22>: mov DWORD PTR [rax+0x10],edx 0x82a97c <zval_delref_p+25>: mov rax,QWORD PTR [rbp-0x8] [---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------stack----------------------------------------------------------- ------------------] As seen above when trying to dereference the value from $rax (which has been already freed) PHP crashes. Stopped reason: SIGSEGV 0x000000000082a96f in zval_delref_p (pz=0x5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend.h:411 411 return --pz->refcount__gc; Running the backtrace command we can see a couple of freed variables: zval_ptr, pz gdb-peda$ bt #0 0x000000000082a96f in zval_delref_p (pz=0x5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend.h:411 #1 0x000000000082aafb in i_zval_ptr_dtor (zval_ptr=0x5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a, __zend_filename=0xcd0458 "/home/test/De"..., __zend_lineno=0x16f) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend_execute.h:76 #2 0x000000000082bdcb in _zval_ptr_dtor (zval_ptr=0x7ffff7fcba88, __zend_filename=0xcd0458 "/home/test/De"..., __zend_lineno=0x16f) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend_execute_API.c:424 #3 0x00000000006e5c1a in spl_heap_object_free_storage (object=0x7ffff7dfdfa0) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/ext/spl/spl_heap.c:367 #4 0x000000000087f566 in zend_objects_store_free_object_storage (objects=0x102e640 <executor_globals+928>) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend_objects_API.c:97 #5 0x000000000082b89e in shutdown_executor () at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend_execute_API.c:290 #6 0x0000000000841a4c in zend_deactivate () at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/Zend/zend.c:960 #7 0x00000000007a7c40 in php_request_shutdown (dummy=0x0) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/main/main.c:1882 #8 0x00000000008f6501 in do_cli (argc=0x2, argv=0x1032560) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/sapi/cli/php_cli.c:1177 #9 0x00000000008f6d8b in main (argc=0x2, argv=0x1032560) at /home/test/Desktop/php-5.6.9/sapi/cli/php_cli.c:1378 #10 0x00007ffff6faaec5 in __libc_start_main () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 #11 0x0000000000420a09 in _start () Lastly, from stack #2 we clearly see that the zval_ptr pointer (0x7ffff7fcba88) points to freed memory: gdb-peda$ x/50xw 0x7ffff7fcba88 0x7ffff7fcba88: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcba98: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbaa8 : 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbab8: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x 5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbac8: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a 5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbad8: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbae8: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbaf 8: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbb08: 0x5a5a5a5a 0 x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbb18: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5 a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbb28: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5 a 0x7ffff7fcbb38: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a 0x7ffff7fcbb 48: 0x5a5a5a5a 0x5a5a5a5a This vulnerability was successfully reproduced Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS (32 bit and 64 bit) on the latest version of PHP 5.6.9. | |
| Solution: | |
| Apply Vendor's patch. More Information: https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=69737 http://git.php.net/?p=php-src.git;a=commit;h=1cbd25ca15383394ffa9ee8601c5de4c0f2f90e1 | |
| | |
References: | |
| [1] High-Tech Bridge Advisory HTB23262 - https://www.immuniweb.com/advisory/HTB23262 - Use-After-Free in PHP. [2] PHP - http://www.php.net - PHP is a popular general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited to web development. [3] Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) - http://cve.mitre.org/ - international in scope and free for public use, CVE® is a dictionary of publicly known information security vulnerabilities and exposures. [4] Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) - http://cwe.mitre.org - targeted to developers and security practitioners, CWE is a formal list of software weakness types. [5] ImmuniWeb® - Leveraging the power of machine-learning and genius of human brain to deliver the most advanced web application security and penetration testing. [6] ImmuniWeb® SSLScan - Test your servers for security and compliance with PCI DSS, HIPAA and NIST. | |
Please feel free to send us any additional information related to this Advisory, such as vulnerable versions, additional exploitation details and conditions, patches and other relevant details.